2 Samuel 2:26

Authorized King James Version

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Then Abner called to Joab, and said, Shall the sword devour for ever? knowest thou not that it will be bitterness in the latter end? how long shall it be then, ere thou bid the people return from following their brethren?

Original Language Analysis

וַיִּקְרָ֨א called H7121
וַיִּקְרָ֨א called
Strong's: H7121
Word #: 1 of 22
to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
אַבְנֵ֜ר Then Abner H74
אַבְנֵ֜ר Then Abner
Strong's: H74
Word #: 2 of 22
abner, an israelite
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 3 of 22
near, with or among; often in general, to
יוֹאָ֗ב to Joab H3097
יוֹאָ֗ב to Joab
Strong's: H3097
Word #: 4 of 22
joab, the name of three israelites
תֹאמַ֣ר and said H559
תֹאמַ֣ר and said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 5 of 22
to say (used with great latitude)
הֲלָנֶ֙צַח֙ for ever H5331
הֲלָנֶ֙צַח֙ for ever
Strong's: H5331
Word #: 6 of 22
properly, a goal, i.e., the bright object at a distance travelled towards; hence (figuratively), splendor, or (subjectively) truthfulness, or (objecti
תֹּ֣אכַל devour H398
תֹּ֣אכַל devour
Strong's: H398
Word #: 7 of 22
to eat (literally or figuratively)
חֶ֔רֶב Shall the sword H2719
חֶ֔רֶב Shall the sword
Strong's: H2719
Word #: 8 of 22
drought; also a cutting instrument (from its destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or other sharp implement
הֲל֣וֹא H3808
הֲל֣וֹא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 9 of 22
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
יָדַ֔עְתָּה knowest H3045
יָדַ֔עְתָּה knowest
Strong's: H3045
Word #: 10 of 22
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
כִּֽי H3588
כִּֽי
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 11 of 22
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
מָרָ֥ה thou not that it will be bitterness H4751
מָרָ֥ה thou not that it will be bitterness
Strong's: H4751
Word #: 12 of 22
bitter (literally or figuratively); also (as noun) bitterness, or (adverbially) bitterly
תִֽהְיֶ֖ה H1961
תִֽהְיֶ֖ה
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 13 of 22
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
בָּאַֽחֲרוֹנָ֑ה in the latter end H314
בָּאַֽחֲרוֹנָ֑ה in the latter end
Strong's: H314
Word #: 14 of 22
hinder; generally, late or last; specifically (as facing the east) western
וְעַד H5704
וְעַד
Strong's: H5704
Word #: 15 of 22
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
מָתַי֙ H4970
מָתַי֙
Strong's: H4970
Word #: 16 of 22
properly, extent (of time); but used only adverbially (especially with other particle prefixes), when (either relative or interrogative)
לֹֽא H3808
לֹֽא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 17 of 22
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
תֹאמַ֣ר and said H559
תֹאמַ֣ר and said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 18 of 22
to say (used with great latitude)
לָעָ֔ם the people H5971
לָעָ֔ם the people
Strong's: H5971
Word #: 19 of 22
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
לָשׁ֖וּב return H7725
לָשׁ֖וּב return
Strong's: H7725
Word #: 20 of 22
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
מֵאַֽחֲרֵ֥י from following H310
מֵאַֽחֲרֵ֥י from following
Strong's: H310
Word #: 21 of 22
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
אֲחֵיהֶֽם׃ their brethren H251
אֲחֵיהֶֽם׃ their brethren
Strong's: H251
Word #: 22 of 22
a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance [like h0001])

Analysis & Commentary

Then Abner called to Joab, and said, Shall the sword devour for ever? knowest thou not that it will be bitterness in the latter end? how long shall it be then, ere thou bid the people return from following their brethren?

This verse contributes to the narrative of David Becomes King of Judah, emphasizing divine timing, patience in promises. The Hebrew vayyimloch (וַיִּמְלֹךְ, 'and he reigned') marks David's official royal status over Judah at Hebron. The seven-year period before ruling all Israel demonstrates patient trust in God's timing. Theological themes include divine election, the gradual unfolding of God's promises through historical process, and the reality that human resistance to God's plans produces genuine suffering.

Historical Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 2 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding divine timing, patience in promises provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

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